About this location
Bear Island sits in the Potomac River near Great Falls, Maryland, home to the popular Billy Goat Trail and co-managed by the National Park Service and The Nature Conservancy as part of Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park. The batch's mineral list — apatite, epidote, amphibolite, sphene, zircon — points to the Mather Gorge Formation, the metamorphic bedrock that gives this stretch of the Potomac its dramatic rock scenery and rapids. It's a real geological feature and a well-loved hiking destination. It is not a collecting destination: as a unit of the National Park Service, removing any natural material here, mineral specimens included, is federally prohibited.
Always seek permission where required, follow local laws, and practice Leave No Trace. Locations and details are community-submitted and may be inaccurate. Not sure what's legal here? Read our full guide to rockhounding laws by land type.
Found Here
The batch specimen list (apatite, epidote, amphibolite, sphene, zircon) is consistent with the Mather Gorge Formation's metamorphic rock, exposed dramatically along Bear Island and the Billy Goat Trail. UNVERIFIED: site-specific mineral documentation beyond this general formation-level inference, since the sources reviewed focus on the island's recreational and ecological character rather than its mineralogy in detail.
Difficulty
Getting there
Bear Island is accessed via the C&O Canal towpath and the Billy Goat Trail system near Great Falls, on the Maryland side of the Potomac River, within Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park.
Collecting here
Not permitted. Collecting any natural material — rocks, minerals, plants, or anything else — is prohibited across all National Park Service units under 36 CFR 2.1, and Bear Island falls within C&O Canal National Historical Park. This applies to ordinary rocks and pebbles, not just significant specimens; there's no minimum-value exception.
Know before you go
Bear Island is managed by the National Park Service (with The Nature Conservancy as co-owner/partner) as part of C&O Canal National Historical Park. Pets and smoking are not allowed on the island. The Billy Goat Trail here is popular and can be strenuous in sections — check current NPS trail conditions before visiting. Removing any rock or mineral is a federal violation with real penalties; this is a look-and-photograph location only.
Location on Map
Coordinates: 38.97403, -77.20274
Nearby rockhounding locations
- Potomac River — Apatite, SpeculariteVA · 1.6 mi
- Hunting Hill — Calcite, DiopsideMD · 7.6 mi
- Arlington — JasperVA · 7.9 mi
- Arlington — Blue QuartzVA · 10.1 mi
- USNM Locality No. 14252 — FossilVA · 11 mi
- M 346 — FossilMD · 10.5 mi
Frequently asked questions
Can you collect rocks at Bear Island, Maryland?
No. Bear Island is part of Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park, and National Park Service regulations (36 CFR 2.1) prohibit removing any natural material, including ordinary rocks and pebbles.
What rock formation is exposed at Bear Island, Maryland?
The area's geology corresponds to the Mather Gorge Formation, a metamorphic rock unit that shapes the dramatic gorge and rapids of the Potomac River near Great Falls.
Who manages Bear Island, Maryland?
The National Park Service manages Bear Island as part of C&O Canal National Historical Park, with The Nature Conservancy as a co-owner/partner in its protection.
What is Bear Island, Maryland known for?
Bear Island is best known for the Billy Goat Trail, a popular and challenging hiking route through Potomac River gorge scenery near Great Falls.
⚠️ Always verify current regulations, weather conditions, and access requirements before visiting any location. Information provided is based on community submissions and may not be current or accurate.
Sources
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bear_Island_(Potomac_River) — NPS/Nature Conservancy management, Billy Goat Trail, visitor rules
- NPS, "Recreational Collection of Rocks and Minerals — Legal Instruments" (home.nps.gov/articles, via search synthesis) — confirms 36 CFR 2.1 prohibition applies across all NPS units including national historical parks
Recommended Gear for Maryland

Estwing E3-22P Rock Pick
The industry-standard 22oz geological hammer. One-piece forged steel with shock-reduction grip.

Clear Anti-Fog Safety Glasses (4 Pack)
Adjustable, anti-fog lenses for clear vision in any conditions. About $5 per pair.

Watertight Medical Kit
Compact, waterproof first aid kit with bandages, moleskin, and field essentials.

Rockhounding Delaware, Maryland, and the Washington, DC Metro Area
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